Croswell Opera House

In the heart of Adrian, Michigan, lies a gem of historic and cultural significance: the Croswell Opera House. As the oldest theater in Michigan and one of the oldest continuously operating theaters in the United States, the Croswell Opera House is more than just a venue; it is a living testament to the rich history and vibrant arts scene of the region.

The Storied Past of the Croswell Opera House

The Croswell Opera House, originally known as Adrian Union Hall, opened its doors in 1866. Financed by the Adrian Union Hall Company, whose stockholders included future Michigan governor Charles Croswell, it quickly became a central hub for cultural and social gatherings. The theater's inaugural event was a lecture by temperance advocate John Bartholomew Gough on March 19, 1866, setting the stage for a long history of diverse performances and events.

Throughout its early years, the Croswell hosted an array of concerts, lectures, festivals, and theatrical performances. It became a favored venue for both traveling troupes and local amateur groups. The roster of notable figures who graced its stage is impressive, including Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Frederick Douglass, Thomas Nast, Henry Ward Beecher, and Ralph Waldo Emerson. The theater also saw performances by celebrated artists such as Edwin Booth, John Philip Sousa, and Buffalo Bill Cody.

Transformations and Renovations

Over the years, the Croswell Opera House has undergone several transformations. In 1882, a new lobby was added, and by 1885, the theater had its first electric lights installed. The entire theater was outfitted for electricity in 1895, with a lighting apparatus designed by Harry A. Fee. To accommodate the increasingly elaborate theatrical productions of the time, the stage was expanded, and the roof above the stage was raised in 1896.

The early 20th century brought new challenges as movie theaters began to compete with live performances. In 1919, the Croswell was purchased by Harry Angell and Robert Codd, who converted it into a movie house. A long arcade-style lobby and a projection booth were added, and in 1921, the original balcony was replaced, and the entire auditorium was remodeled. This renovation gave the Croswell its modern appearance, which has been largely preserved to this day.

Revival and Preservation

By the 1960s, the Croswell faced increasing competition from drive-in theaters and television. With its lease not renewed by the Butterfield chain in 1967, the theater was in danger of being demolished. However, local businessman Charlie Hickman stepped in to purchase the building, and a new nonprofit organization was formed to oversee its operations. The Croswell Opera House was revived, with its first summer season of live theater in 1968 featuring Neil Simon's Barefoot in the Park.

The Croswell continued to thrive, with the Croswell Players formed in the fall of 1968 to offer theater during the off-season. The tradition of bringing high-profile speakers to the Croswell was revived in 1970, with the Town Hall series running until 1996. Speakers included Gloria Steinem, Helen Thomas, Arianna Huffington, Ralph Nader, and Charlton Heston, among others.

In 2015, a capital campaign was launched to renovate the theater, resulting in new public spaces, more restrooms, ADA improvements, and various infrastructure upgrades. The theater reopened in May 2017, marking its 50th summer as a producing theater.

Architectural Marvel

The Croswell Opera House was originally designed by Horatio Nelson White. A correspondent for the Detroit Free Press in 1865 described it as a large brick structure with an elegant and commodious store on each side of an arched passageway leading to the principal audience room. The theater featured a self-supporting gallery, a large stage, and innovative scenery arrangements.

Over the years, the Croswell's physical appearance has evolved. A 14-foot addition was built in 1882, and the stage roof was raised in 1896. The 1919 and 1921 renovations directed by architect J.C. Brompton added distinctive features such as ornate plaster detailing, tall organ towers, and large wall panels reminiscent of Brompton's Riviera Theatre.

In 1976, an addition was built on the back of the theater for a scene shop and offices. Buildings on either side of the front lobby were purchased in 1978 and 1979, providing space for rehearsals, offices, and an art gallery. The theater was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Modern-Day Croswell Opera House

Today, the Croswell Opera House operates year-round, staging six to eight full-scale musicals each year, along with straight plays, concerts, and other events. It remains a beloved cultural institution in Adrian, drawing audiences from near and far to experience the magic of live theater in a historic setting.

Visiting the Croswell Opera House is like stepping back in time while enjoying the best of contemporary performances. Whether you're a history buff, a theater enthusiast, or simply looking for an unforgettable experience, the Croswell Opera House promises to delight and inspire.