Guardian Building

The Guardian Building, a towering 43-story skyscraper in the heart of Detroit's Financial District, is a must-visit for architecture aficionados and history buffs alike. Completed in 1929, this iconic structure is a stunning example of Art Deco architecture, blending bold designs with intricate details that captivate the eye and stir the imagination.

The Architectural Marvel

The Guardian Building's main frame rises 32 stories, topped by two asymmetric spires, one extending an additional seven stories. The building's roof height reaches 496 feet, while the spire soars to an impressive 632 feet. Often referred to as the Cathedral of Finance, the building's design evokes the grandeur of a cathedral, with its towering entrance and octagonal apse. This nickname also draws a parallel with New York City's Woolworth Building, known as the Cathedral of Commerce.

Designed by Wirt C. Rowland of the Smith, Hinchman & Grylls firm, the Guardian Building showcases meticulous attention to detail. The exterior features a blend of brickwork, tile, limestone, and terra cotta, with Native American themes prominently displayed both inside and outside the building. Rowland's dedication to achieving the perfect exterior color led to the creation of a unique brick, initially marketed as Union Trust Brick and later as Guardian Brick.

The Lavish Interior

Step inside the Guardian Building, and you'll be greeted by a three-story, vaulted lobby adorned with Pewabic and Rookwood tile. The semi-circular exterior domes are filled with Pewabic Pottery, designed in collaboration with Mary Chase Perry Stratton. A Monel metal screen, featuring a clock designed by Tiffany, separates the lobby from the banking hall on the second floor.

The building's interior also boasts works by muralist Ezra Winter, including a large mosaic above the main lobby desk and a mural at the end of the banking hall. The mosaic depicts a pine tree and text outlining the Union Trust Company's purpose for the building, emphasizing principles of faith and understanding. Winter's mural highlights Michigan's key industries, such as manufacturing, farming, and mining.

Innovative Design and Technology

The Guardian Building was a pioneer in both design and technology. Wirt Rowland's use of Monel metal for all exposed metalwork, instead of the traditional brass and bronze, was an innovation that gained widespread adoption, most notably in New York's Chrysler Building. Rowland also replaced traditional forms of decoration with colored materials set in geometric patterns, creating a visually striking interior and exterior.

Another groundbreaking feature was the building's elevator system, which was the first to automatically stop the car level with the floor and open the doors, tasks previously handled by an operator. This technological advancement set a new standard for elevator systems in skyscrapers.

A Storied History

The Guardian Building was originally constructed for the Union Trust Company, founded in Detroit in 1890 by notable figures such as Senator James McMillan and Dexter M. Ferry. During World War II, the building served as the U.S. Army Command Center for wartime production, playing a crucial role in the nation's war efforts.

Over the years, the Guardian Building has housed various tenants, including the Michigan Consolidated Gas Company (MichCon), which restored the lobby and vaulted ceilings in 1986. In 2002, the building was sold to a local real estate developer, the Sterling Group, which invested $14 million to reopen the lobby to the public.

In 2007, Wayne County purchased the Guardian Building to relocate its offices from the Wayne County Building. Today, the building hosts a diverse range of tenants, including law firms, financial institutions, and government offices, making it a bustling hub of activity in downtown Detroit.

Exploring the Guardian Building

Visitors to the Guardian Building can explore its stunning architecture and rich history through guided tours or self-guided visits. The building's lobby, with its vibrant tile work and intricate details, is a highlight not to be missed. Be sure to take in the murals by Ezra Winter and the Monel metal screen with its Tiffany-designed clock.

The Guardian Building also features a retail promenade, offering a variety of shops and cafes for visitors to enjoy. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply looking for a unique experience in Detroit, the Guardian Building is a destination that promises to leave a lasting impression.

In conclusion, the Guardian Building stands as a testament to Detroit's rich architectural heritage and innovative spirit. Its walls tell the story of a city that has continuously evolved, embracing new technologies and designs while preserving its historical roots. A visit to this magnificent skyscraper is a journey through time, offering a glimpse into the past while celebrating the enduring beauty of Art Deco architecture.